Validity and Intra Rater Reliability of a New Device for Tongue Force Measurement.

Marta Carlota Diaz Saez; Héctor Beltran Alacreu; Javier Gil Castillo; Gonzalo Navarro Fernández; José Luis Cebrián Carretero; Alfonso Gil Martínez

doi:10.9781/ijimai.2022.02.001

Authors

Marta Carlota Diaz Saez Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Héctor Beltran Alacreu Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle (Spain).
Javier Gil Castillo Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
Gonzalo Navarro Fernández Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
José Luis Cebrián Carretero Hospital Universitario La Paz
Alfonso Gil Martínez Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.9781/ijimai.2022.02.001

Keywords:

Device, Temporomandibular Disorders, Tongue Force

Supporting Agencies

The authors would like to thank the Centro Superior of Estudios Universitarios La Salle for funding the English language edition of this manuscript. Moreover, we thank the collaboration of Pablo Jordi Perea, the speech language therapist in the Functional Rehabilitation Institute of the Centro Superior of Estudios Universitarios La Salle. HBA would like to thank the European Regional Development Fund (2020/5154).

Abstract

Background. The tongue is made up of multiple muscles both extrinsic and intrinsic. The hyoid, jaw and maxillary complex contain the tongue, which hangs between these structures forming an important biomechanical system. This organ has to work in coordination with craniofacial structures to ensure normal orofacial functioning. There are different devices on the market for tongue force measurement. However, they are not accessible for patients due to their size and very high prices. Likewise, other devices have not yet carried out validity and reliability studies. The purpose of this study was to validate a new device proving that it is accurate compared to the algometer. Moreover, the study wanted to determine the intra-rater reliability of a protocol to assess the maximum tongue force in asymptomatic subjects. Material and methods. This is an observational-longitudinal study with repeated measurements. A prototype device was developed specifically for this study to measure tongue force through force-sensitive resistor sensors. The prototype system was equipped with a device to perform and transmit the measurement and a C++ programming software in the computer to take data from the session. Different formulas were made to calibrate the system. For validity, the force measured by the prototype and the algometer was compared. For intra-rater reliability, 29 asymptomatic Spanish subjects were recruited, and a standardized protocol was carried out for the tests. Results. Experiments to assess validity showed a strong correlation (r>0.97) and an excellent reliability (ICC>0.90) between devices.On the other hand, the intra-rater reliability analysis showed an excellent ICC (0.93) with a 95% CI of 0.86 to 0.97 and a MDC90 of 6.26N. Conclusion. We demonstrated good validity values and high intra-rater reliability for the prototype device for the maximum tongue force.

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