Combating Misinformation and Polarization in the Corporate Sphere: Integrating Social, Technological and AI Strategies.

Alberto Tejero; Galena Pisoni; Ziba Habibi Lashkari; Sergio Rios Aguilar

doi:10.9781/ijimai.2024.03.003

Authors

Alberto Tejero Universidad Politécnica de Madrid.
Galena Pisoni York St. John University.
Ziba Habibi Lashkari Universidad Politécnica de Madrid.
Sergio Rios Aguilar Universidad Politécnica de Madrid.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.9781/ijimai.2024.03.003

Keywords:

Business Strategies, Information System, Misinformation, Polarization

Abstract

In an era where misinformation and polarization present significant challenges, this research examines the root causes within social networks and assesses how corporations can use AI technologies for prompt detection. This research uses a dual approach: a "telephone game" with 225 participants from a Spanish university to study the spread of misinformation, and interviews with 15 experts from three French tech companies to investigate technological solutions. The findings indicate that almost one-third of participants inadvertently contribute to polarization, and around one-quarter propagated misinformation. The study also identifies the existing tools enhanced by AI and Machine Learning that effectively detect misinformation and polarization in corporate settings. This investigation provides crucial insights for practitioners to strengthen their strategies against misinformation and technical challenges and opportunities.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

M.A. Al-Asadi, A. Mustafa, S. Tasdemir, “Using artificial intelligence against the phenomenon of fake news: a systematic literature review,” in Combating Fake News with Computational Intelligence Techniques. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 1001, M. Lahby, AS.K. Pathan, Y. Maleh, W.M.S. Yafooz, Eds. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90087-8_22022, pp. 39-54.

H. Allcott, M. Gentzkow, C. YU, “Trends in the diffusion of misinformation on social media,” Research & Politics, vol. 6, no 2, p. 2053168019848554, 2019.

V.L. Rubin, “Deception detection and rumor debunking for social media,” in The SAGE handbook of social media research methods, L. Sloan, A. Quan-Haase, Eds. London: Sage, 2017. p. 342.

V.L. Rubin, N. Conroy, Y. Chen, S. Cornwell, “Fake news or truth? using satirical cues to detect potentially misleading news,” in Proceedings of the second workshop on computational approaches to deception detection, T. Fornaciari, E. Fitzpatrick, J. Bachenko, Eds.2016,pp. 7-17.

J. Boase, B. Wellman, “The internet and email aid users in maintaining their social networks and provide pathways to help when people face big decisions,” PEW internet and American life project, 2006.

C. Kadushin, Understanding social networks: Theories, concepts, and findings, Oxford university press, 2012.

E. Bakshy, I. Rosenn, C. Marlow, L. Adamic, “The role of social networks in information diffusion,” in Proceedings of the 21st international conference on World Wide Web, 2012, pp. 519-528.

P.W. Kraft, N. R. Davis, T. Davis, A. Heideman, J.T. Neumeyer, S.Y. Park, “Reliable Sources? Correcting Misinformation in Polarized Media Environments,” American Politics Research, vol. 50, no 1, pp. 17-29, 2022.

P.N. Petratos, “Misinformation, disinformation, and fake news: Cyber risks to business,” Business Horizons, vol. 64, no 6, pp. 763-774, 2021.

D. Spohr, “Fake news and ideological polarization: Filter bubbles and selective exposure on social media,” Business information review, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 150-160, 2017.

A.M. Guess, B.A. Lyons, “Misinformation, disinformation, and onlinepropaganda,” Social media and democracy:The state of the field, prospects for reform, N. Persily and J. A. Tucker, Eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020, pp. 10-33.

J. Shin, L. Jian, K. Driscoll, F. Bar, “The diffusion of misinformation on social media: Temporal pattern, message, and source,” Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 83, pp. 278-287, 2018.

E.K. Vraga, L. Bode, “Defining misinformation and understanding its bounded nature: Using expertise and evidence for describing misinformation,” Political Communication, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 136-144, 2020.

Y. Wang, M. McKee, A. Torbica, D. Stuckler, “Systematic literature review on the spread of health-related misinformation on social media,” Social science & medicine, vol. 240, p. 112552, 2019.

P.M. Fernbach. L. Van Boven, “False polarization: Cognitive mechanisms and potential solutions,” Current opinion in Psychology, vol. 43, pp. 1-6, 2022.

A. Bessi, F. Zollo, M. Del Vicario, A. Scala, G. Caldarelli, “Trend of narratives in the age of misinformation,” PloS one, vol. 10, no. 8, p. e0134641, 2015

M.H. Ribeiro, P.H. Calais, V.A.F. Almeida, “Everything I disagree with is# FakeNews: Correlating political polarization and spread of misinformation,” arXiv preprint arXiv:1706.05924, 2017.

Y.K. Chang, I. Literat, C. Price, J.I. Eisman, J. Gardner, A. Chapman, A. Truss, “News literacy education in a polarized political climate: How games can teach youth to spot misinformation,” Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, vol. 1, no. 4, 2020.

R. Cooper, M. Foster, “Sociotechnical systems,” American Psychologist, vol. 26, no 5, pp. 467-474, 1971.

G.H. Walker, N.A. Stanton, P.M. Salmon, D.P. Jenkins, “A review of sociotechnical systems theory: a classic concept for new command and control paradigms,” Theoretical issues in ergonomics science, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 479-499, 2008.

D. Tilson, K. Lyytinen, C. Sørensen, “Research commentary—Digital infrastructures: The missing IS research agenda”, Information systems research, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 748-759, 2010.

A. Tiwana, B. Konsynski, A.A. Bush, “Research commentary—Platform evolution: Coevolution of platform architecture, governance, and environmental dynamics,” Information systems research, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 675-687, 2010

A. MacCormack, “Product-development practices that work: How Internet companies build software,” MIT Sloan Management Review, vol. 42, no. 2, p. 75, 2001.

P. Rodríguez, A. Haghighatkhah, L.E. Lwakatare, S. Teppola, T. Suomalainen, et. al. “Continuous deployment of software intensive products and services: A systematic mapping study,” Journal of systems and software, vol. 123, pp. 263-291, 2017.

H.H. Olsson, J.Bosch, H. Alahyari, “Towards R&D as innovation experiment systems: A framework for moving beyond agile software development,” in Proceedings of the IASTED, pp. 798-805, 2013.

S. Bellomo, P. Kruchten, R.L. Nord, I. Ozkaya, “How to agilely architect an agile architecture,” Cutter IT Journal, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 12-17, 2014.

N. Brown, R.L. Nord, I. Ozkaya, M. Pais, “Analysis and management of architectural dependencies in iterative release planning,” in 2011 Ninth Working IEEE/IFIP Conference on Software Architecture. IEEE, 2011. pp. 103-112.

S. Monteith, T. Glenn, J.R. Geddes, P.C. Whybrow, E. Achtyes, M. Bauer, “Artificial intelligence and increasing misinformation,” The British Journal of Psychiatry, vol. 224, no. 2, pp. 33-35, 2024.

S. Kreps, R.M. McCain, M. Brundage, “All the news that’s fit to fabricate: AI-generated text as a tool of media misinformation.” Journal of experimental political science, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 104-117, 2022.

Q. Su, M. Wan, X. Liu, C.R. Huang, “Motivations, methods and metrics of misinformation detection: an NLP perspective,” Natural Language Processing Research, vol. 1, no. 1-2, pp. 1-13, 2020.

Meta. “Here’s how we’re using AI to help detect misinformation”. Accessed: Feb. 15, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://ai.meta.com/blog/heres-how-were-using-ai-to-help-detect-misinformation/

E. Breck, C. Cardie, “Playing the telephone game: Determining the hierarchical structure of perspective and speech expressions,” in COLING 2004: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 2004, pp. 120-126.

F. Breithaupt, B. Li, “Fact vs. affect in the telephone game: All levels of surprise are retold with high accuracy, even independently of facts,” Frontiers in psychology, vol. 9, p. 375712, 2018.

E.J. Mulder, D. Snijders, “Playing the telephone game in a multilevel polity: On the implementation of e-government services for business in the EU,” Government Information Quarterly, vol. 39, no. 2, p. 101526, 2022.

G. Walsham, “Interpretive case studies in IS research: nature and method,” European Journal of information systems, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 74-81, 1995.

R.K. Yin, “Designing case studies,” Qualitative research methods, vol. 5, no. 14, pp. 359-386, 2003.

P. Akhtar, A.M. Ghouri, H.U.R. Khan, M. Amin ul Haq, U. Awan et al. “Detecting fake news and disinformation using artificial intelligence and machine learning to avoid supply chain disruptions,” Annals of Operations Research, vol. 327, no. 2, pp. 633-657, 2023.

J. Tello, L. Subramaniam, “The magic behind turning data into profit,” Deloitte. Accessed: Feb. 15, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/us/Documents/deloitte-analytics/us-ai-institute-challenges-of-using-artificial-intelligence-final.pdf

S. Butler, J. Gamalielsson, B. Lundell, C. Brax, A. Mattsson et al.“Considerations and challenges for the adoption of open source components in software-intensive businesses,” Journal of Systems and Software, vol. 186, p. 111152, 2022.

A. Davila, G. Foster, “Management accounting systems adoption decisions: Evidence and performance implications from early‐stage/startup companies,” The Accounting Review, vol. 80, no. 4, pp. 1039-1068, 2005.

D. Caled, M.J. Silva, “Digital media and misinformation: An outlook on multidisciplinary strategies against manipulation,” Journal of Computational Social Science, vol. 5, pp. 123–159, 2022.

D. Cavaliere, G. Fenza, V. Loia, F. Nota, “Emotion-Aware Monitoring of Users’ Reaction With a Multi-Perspective Analysis of Long- and Short-Term Topics on Twitter,” International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 166-175, 2023, https://doi.org/10.9781/ijimai.2023.02.003

M. Sandoval, From corporate to social media: Critical perspectives on corporate social responsibility in media and communication industries, Routledge, 2014.

C. Stohl, M. Etter, S. Banghart, D.J. Woo, “Social media policies: Implications for contemporary notions of corporate social responsibility,” Journal of business ethics, vol. 142, pp. 413-436, 2017.

S. Vosoughi, D. Roy, S. Aral, “The spread of true and false news online,” Science, vol. 359, no. 6380, pp. 1146-1151, 2018.

L. Lobschat, B. Mueller, F. Eggers, L. Brandimarte, S. Diefenbach et al. “Corporate digital responsibility,” Journal of Business Research, vol. 122, pp. 875-888, 2021.

B. Mueller, “Corporate digital responsibility,” Business & Information Systems Engineering, vol. 64, no. 5, pp. 689-700, 2022.

L. Martín-Gómez, J. Pérez-Marcos, R. Cordero-Gutiérrez, D. H. De La Iglesia, “Promoting Social Media Dissemination of Digital Images Through CBR-Based Tag Recommendation,” International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 45-53, 2022. https://doi.org/10.9781/ijimai.2022.09.002